Discuss the interpretation of the First Industrial Revolution as an Term Paper

Discuss the interpretation of the First Industrial Revolution as an Industrious Revolution - Term Paper Example The industries that were in charge of production at that time were not creative enough to offer a variety of goods and services from which to choose, thus the industrious revolution began because of the increase in demand for the consumer products that would satisfy families of the time. Consumers were not only focused on the change of taste, but they were also concerned about the provisions of goods for a different class, that is, regular goods and highly sophisticated goods within the society. The demand was also based on sex. Males and females in different careers were concerned with different demands that would show a difference in the society depending on their biological nature. The textile and automobile industries were the most affected as the demand for high-quality clothes and machinery was great. The speedy growth of the population in towns and cities also increased the demand for food production. Families were looking not only for the provision of food but also the quality of food. Therefore, the demand for quality food was a major concern that was driving the industrious revolution. The great demand from the consumer was increasing pressure on industry. The owners of the industries were responding by allocating more work to the labourers so that they could produce more goods. The need to produce more goods and meet the ultimatum of the consumers led to the onset of the industrial revolution. This revolution occurred when the factory workers started to realise that they were working so hard, but their salaries were not increasing. Therefore, the workers began to demand higher pay. The industrialists, on the other hand, were not willing to add a penny to their workforces (Soule). Since there were no proper laws protecting the labourers, they were humiliated by their bosses and sometimes they were forced to work. The force used can be tracked to the servitude

Jonathan Edwards Essay Example for Free

Jonathan Edwards Essay Jonathan Edwards uses an effective method called the â€Å"fire and brimstone† approach, which basically used scare tactics to keep people from straying away from the church. Jonathan Edwards was a master at using literary devices, which horrified but intrigued his audience. He (Edwards) wrote in second person to make each individual feel responsible for their own sins, this strategy allowed Edwards to speak to large groups. Edwards also used extended metaphors to help his audience realize the full extent of their sins. An example of this imagery is, â€Å" The wrath of God is like great waters that are dammed for the present; they increase more and more, and rise higher and higher till an outlet is given; and the longer the stream is stopped, the more rapid and mighty the course, when once it is let loose.† (Sinners 1). This metaphor shows the extent that Edwards goes to show parishioners of what God is capable of doing to the Human race if they do not seek salvation. Edwards uses bandwagon appeal to keep people from leaving the church. He believed that if he could convince enough people that the church is the only way to receive the â€Å"grace of god† that it would lead to a mass movement; if enough people went that the rest would follow in their footsteps. Edwards tries to persuade people to return to church by stating that those who attend are happy, â€Å"To see so many others feasting, while you are pinning and perishing! To see so many rejoicing and singing for joy of heart, while you have cause to mourn for sorrow of heart, and howl for vexation of spirit!† (Sinners 1). This method proved to be effective because people returned to the church, they feared for the outcome of their life and sought forgiveness just as their neighbors did. Jonathan Edwards’s beliefs and ideas began to affect people’s everyday lives and restore the church to its former glory. Jonathan Edwards believes that it is man’s duty to serve God in all aspects. He expresses his view that every man has the will to decide what is right from wrong, good from evil and what God would expect from a devout believer in his book Freedom of the Will. This book essentially breaks down what man desires and the choices man can make, he exposes how all these actions are relevant to the after life. Edwards tries to show that earthly matters will not a provide eternal happiness and that a man’s life on Earth is a time to prove his worthiness for judgment day by proclaiming â€Å"†¦but look at other things, as the good state of your bodily constitution, your care of your own life, and the means you use for your own preservation. But indeed these things are nothing† (sinners 1). Jonathan Edwards is known for his vivid depictions of what God’s wrath would be like. This dark imagery gave the public an idea of what their eternal punishment would be like if they did not conform to the holy life of the church. The imagery horrified people because it made people believe that God could damn each and every person to Hell for their sins. An example of the dark imagery is â€Å"The bow of Gods wrath is bent, and the arrow made ready on the string, and justice bends the arrow at your heart, and strains the bow, and it is nothing but the mere pleasure of God, and that of an angry God, without any promise or obligation at all, that keeps the arrow one moment from being made drunk with your blood†. (Sinners 1). By saying this Edwards strikes fear into the listener. Edwards often uses repetition to emphasize his condemnation on society for their lack of faith in the church. For example â€Å"You hang by a slender thread, with the flames of divine wrath flashing about it, and ready every moment to singe it, and burn it asunder; and you have no interest in any Mediator, and nothing to lay hold of to save yourself, nothing to keep off the flames of wrath, nothing of your own, nothing that you ever have done, nothing that you can do, to induce God to spare you one moment† (sinners 1). He stresses the word â€Å"nothing† to show that all are helpless and to further belittle each individual. Edwards also repeats the word â€Å" you† to make each person feel responsible for their actions and to single out each individual. Edwards also ensures that each line in his sermons are threatening to create a sense of an ultimatum; conform to the church or burn in Hell for all eternity. â€Å"Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as lead, and to tend downwards with great weight and pressure towards hell; and if God should let you go, you would immediately sink and swiftly descend and plunge into the bottomless gulf, and your healthy constitution, and your own care and prudence, and best contrivance, and all your righteousness, would have no more influence to uphold you and keep you out of hell, than a spiders web would have to stop a falling rock† (sinners 1). This quote shows how Edwards creates a sense of hope for the parishioners but when further analyzed it has a very negative and damning connotation. Edwards tries to portray his belief that God only lets you live because it pleasures him. This provides false hope but in reality he is saying that there is no way for anyone to be saved.

Case Study Eastman Sports Cars Management Essay

Case Study Eastman Sports Cars Management Essay First, to answer the case study about Eastman Cars Sports Ltd. This will be done by identifying issues relating to LD within this company. Secondly, to propose solution in connection to LD aiming at improving both the performance and the workplace at Eastman cars Finally, this report will try as much as possible to predict potentials barriers to face in the process of introducing LD strategies. 2.0 Issues identified with proposition regarding LD After readiing the case study, I discovered that the company is so antiquated that they are not worth functionable. According to the case study staff have lack of limited resources. This means that the leaders in the company have rigid culture and negative mindset of managers. I therefore encountered numerous problems that the organisation is facing, these were: The company was sort of having a unilateral decision making managing director Lack of communication Lack of Management system and style of leadership Lack of technology and training Lack of human resource management Health and safety system wasnt put in place Low staff morale All these had an extremely negative effect on the company performance and infastructure. And I consider this as a bad aspect of a stituaton where the leaders should guide and inspire the team, but the issues I would like to discuss is the following: 2.1 Communication within the organization Problems occurring within business can easily be solved through teamwork discussions. Teamwork discussions refer to internal meeting held within organizations comprising of staff from various organizational departments. According to business professionals, effective communication within company acts as a major factor that leads to its development (Thetimes100, 1995-2009). Eastman requires having effective internal communication for it to succeed. This is as it will help in effective flow of information within the company thus helping each department carry out its respective responsibilities smoothly. However, communication may prove to be complicated for the company due to each department having its own mannerism, biases and capabilities. On the other hand most of the information to be conveyed to the departments will be intended for particular groups. Therefore the company need to take great attention on information intended for particular groups. Eastman Company has various groups ranging from formal to informal. Formal groups are those that have been assigned vital roles by Eastman Company and are established by the management which includes sales department, managers, administrators and accounting staffs. As these departments are allocated in different sites within the company, there is great need for information flow within them to be ensured for Eastman to attain its goals and objectives (Susan, 2009, p 1-3). Employee relation with their supervisors can go far in helping or hampering the attainment of organizational goals. Workforce, being the ones involved in day to day operation of the company, may identify various areas within the company that requires to be improved. If supervisors within Eastman prove hard to deal with, employees might opt to continue operating the company without reporting any hitch that occurs within the company. This would lead to the company not attaining its goals. In most cases, companies crumble due to poor relationship between managers and employees (David, 2009, p. 5). With some employees in Eastman admitting that some equipment are poorly managed within the company but they cannot help it as their supervisor is not willing to listen to their suggestions, it implies that the company is likely to collapse. Good relationship between employees and their managers would improve employee motivation leading to increase in their productivity. There is great need for Eastman supervisors to ensure that they are always ready to listen to employees opinions and work on them accordingly. Commending employees whenever they have done well will also help in improving their morale. In most cases, supervisors try to look for the negative deeds that their subjects commit forgetting about the many good things they do (Andrew, 2009, p. 2-4). It is the duty of supervisors to listen to what their subordinates tell them. This does not mean that they agree with all that is said by their subordinates. Sometimes, employees being the ones carrying out the daily operations of the company may have ideas on how to improve some of the processes within the company such as development of the cars bodies. Failure to listen to employees opinion is what is leading to the growth of dont care attitude among staffs within Eastman company. If not dealt with urgently, it would lead to the company incurring a lot of expenses in purchasing and repairing damaged equipments. In practice therefore Eastman should arrange and encourage the departments in looking after employees interest. From this mayo (1980-1949) suggest that employees are motivated when there is a better communication between managers and workers. He also concluded there should be a greater management involvement. It is manager requirement to educate, influence, motivate and lear n to approach his employees. 2.2 Lack of technology / Training With increased development in technology, business organizations need to regularly conduct training to their staffs to improve their productivity. Bearing in mind that Eastman only conducts only technical training to its staff when they are employed, the company requires to conduct training to it staffs. To conduct effective employee training and development, Eastman requires being aware of all changes that will result from the training. For it to maintain its competitive power in the market, it needs to impart new knowledge within its employees and not rely on what employees already know. Continuous employee training and education has proved to be a key factor in improving organization performance. In conducting the training, Eastman need to encourage creativeness among the staffs as it is the major element that will lead to the company gaining competitive advantage in the market. Training will help in introducing new inventions within the company making it more unique from its comp etitors (James, 2009, p.2-4). In todays business environment, the only way for a company to survive is to be innovative. This depends entirely on the level of training being conducted within a company. It does not imply that Eastman has to go out looking for means to impart knowledge on its staffs. If knowledge does not bring positive changes to the company it is as good as when the staffs are not trained as the company will incur unnecessary expenses. Eastman needs to ensure that it has harmonized its training with its needs, goals and the goals of its staffs. Business training has been faced with opposition from managers who perceive it as expensive and time wasting. Some claims that training is not fruitful while others term it as for young people who get in companies without knowledge. Eastman managing director may see as if conducting staff training is expensive but failure to conduct the training would prove even more expensive. Studies have shown that empowering employees through training and development h as great impact than investing in machineries and other physical resources (Patrick and Bruce, 2000, p.225). Its essential that Eastman supervisor ensure all employees are not exposed to exploitation in case they fail to undergo the training. Some companies use training to scare employees by threatening to sack them in case they fail to complete the training successfully. Instead, LD should be used to add value to the organisation and not the reverse. Clear goals are necessary for an organisation before it embarks on training of workers. If the company goes into training without clear goals of the values that need to be added to the company, such an organisation is courting failure. Eastman Sports Cars needs clear objectives for training the workers. Learning and development requires resources. An organisation must set aside resources to be used in training workers. The amount will depend on the kind of training they need. The learning resources must be easily accessible to the workers. They should be of high quality and cost effective. The cost of training should not be very high such that it hinders the smooth running of the organisation. Eastman Sports Car has not been doing very well lately and cost of training workers needs careful consideration. In addition, be timely and relevant to the learning needs of the workers. More importantly, training intervention should provide value for money (Thomas and Ploman, 1986, p. 64). The barriers that are likely to be encountered are lack of enough funds to finance the training. Time is also a barrier to training this is because some workers may have little spare time on their hands to attend classes. They may also be free at unusual hours (Thorne and Mackey, 2007,p.39). Accessibility is another challenge some sources may not be accessible to workers and the quality may not be satisfactory such that at the end of training the individuals gain very little to help them improve their skills. Lack of proper communication also leads to inadequate information and advice. (Sandler, 2007, p. 93). Lack of management support is another barrier to LD due to Mr Eastmans lack of interest for training. 3.0 Conclusion Whereas every employee in Eastman performs a specific task, the company can initiate cross training. This is where employees are trained on various jobs to ensure regular operations within the company. If an employees job cease to exist in the company or one department happen to require more staffs, staffs can be transferred to this department without the need for Eastman to employ new staff. This can also assist in expanding companys capacities without having to recruit new staffs. For instance, cross training has been said to be secrete behind the success of Toyota automaker in Japan. Another type of training that can be productive in Eastman is the just-in-time training. This is where employees are trained when need arise to meet the required skills. These training can be conducted at work place and requires short time hence not expensive for the company (VemiĆ¡, 2007, p. 209-216). There are many issues in learning and development such as strategies, intervention and res ources. In addition, during learning and development the barriers may arise. However, the barriers can be overcome. Thus, the company achieves its objectives in learning and development. 4.0 Recommendations I recommend that the managers in Eastman should identify and promote learning and development. The company can do this through personal interviews of the workers. The company can also look at its priorities and match them against the individual needs (Thorne and Mackey 2007, p. 16). Once the needs identification is through the company should provide a solution to the needs. The solution comes in for of training or learning. The company develops and delivers the most appropriate learning to meet the need. During this stage, the company works with external experts on the subject matter to design learning packages. The learning can take various forms for instance the course can be computer-based, paper-based, work experience, structured activities or self-paced activities. The learning resources must be easily accessible to the workers. They should be of high quality and cost effective. Further recommendations include the following: The company should avail funds to train workers. Incentives can also be given to the workers who commit to training. The employer can give them subsidies. The leaders should consider In determining the most appropriate style of leadership in the work place which includes: the characteristics of the manager, personality, attitude, abilities, value system and the personal credibility of managers( mullins, 2007, p 390) The type and nature of the organisation, organisation culture, and different stages in innovation and development. I completely recommend the managing director (Kayleigh) to act as a coach and a mentor to the organisation. Employers have the right skills to support the success of their businessess, and individuals have the skills they need to be both employable and personally fulfilled (Harrison, 2005, p.26). The learning and development plan should be meaningful to the workers by linking skills to be learnt with the company objectives. The company should allow worker time flexibility during the course period. The company can assist in developing part-time learning as well as distance learning. The trainers should also train the workers at the workplace to save on time spent on travel. The company should conduct background check on the trainers to ensure that the relevant authority accredits them. The company should stick to high quality training standards to give the workers high quality learning. Communication between the workers and leaders should be improved so that information is passed upwards or downwards effectively. Evaluation should be on learning and development after training to see the value of the training packages.

Literature and Time Periods :: Writing History Essays

Literature and Time Periods As history has a tendency to categorize events into eras by the time periods that surround them, so does literature with its works. Both categorizations are superficial, ignoring significant distinctions that separate material for the sake of convenience, or present perception. The prehistoric era, for example, is a superficial designation for all time before written historical records, even though there are distinctions within this period, which are markedly different in historical terms. â€Å"Medieval† is defined by Webster’s II New Riverside Dictionary as â€Å"the period of European History extending approximately from A.D. 476 to 1453.† Fortunately, for convenience, this span of time encompasses both the Old English period and the Middle English period as well. As exemplified by the Old English poem Beowulf and the Middle English poetry of Chaucer and the Canterbury Tales and their cohabitation under the heading of â€Å"Medieval Literature†, thi s categorization is not only superficial, but also inaccurate. One defining difference between the two periods of literature and their selected representatives is the language from which they are spawned. Old English was a Germanic dialect spoken by a people who were composed mainly of Angles and Saxons, intermixed with Jutes, Frisians, and Celts, with some Roman blood still in the veins of some inhabitants. Middle English is the result of the Norman Conquest, and was spoken by the now native English people, intermixed with the French. The assimilation of the French language of that already spoken on the Island made for great changes. The lexicon of Old English differed somewhat from Middle English, most of which is completely lost today. There are some words that still have reflexives present in both Modern and Middle English. Beowulf offered his help to the Danish â€Å"cyning†, Old English for â€Å"king†. Chaucer lays mention of a song in the Miller’s tale, â€Å"the Kinges Note† (108). The word is similar but certainly not the same. Beowulf eats â€Å"hlaf†, Old English for â€Å"bread†, while Nicholas, Alisoun, and John eat â€Å"breed†(520) in the Miller’s Tale. Until Grendel came, Hrothgar lived in â€Å"gï â€ lsan†, or luxury, before the appearance of Grendel, who â€Å"amyrrede†, or squandered, his men. The languages differ structurally as well. Old English was a highly inflectional, synthetic language. Grammar was founded on cases, leaving a rather liberal syntactical structure. Middle English, however, was a lesser inflectional, analytic language, which relied on grammar in the syntax itself.

The Masque of the Red Death Essay -- essays research papers

To begin I would like to state that this is the first time I have had the experience of reading Poe and as such the reading process was greatly intriguing. The short story I chose was the Masque of the Red Death, which I found to be very dark and vile. From the beginning of the story to the end I found great concentration on the issues of life and death, among other things, which made the story very dynamic for its size. Another point of interest I found in the story was Poe’s concentration on historical accuracy as he successfully attempts to illustrate the feudal system at its best. However, two aspects of Poe’s writing that I did not exactly enjoy was the use of obscure words and seemingly long sentence which can some times take away from the flow of the story but overall it was enjoyable. In this short story Poe successfully illustrates matters of life and death specifically through imagery and projection of morals through diction and mood. This is important to make note of because Poe provides very vivid and precise images pertaining to the message he is trying to convey. The concentration on colour is the most prominent element throughout the story. The use of the colored chambers was greatly effective in delivering its massage of night and day. However, while the implicit theme of the coloured chambers are in fact night and day it again relates back to the more larger theme life and death and the rooms symbolize that progression through life, starting with birth (the...

I Stand Here Ironing Essay

When reading the short story ? I Stand Here Ironing? written by Tillie Olsen I analyzed the story by using both feminist criticism and the formalist strategy. The author uses a iron as a metaphor for how the woman in the story tells the life of her daughter and why her daughter is the way that she is. In a way the woman lays everything out on the table and irons it out straight. Many single mothers can relate to this story because it tells about the hardships that some unfortunate mothers? have to face. In this story Emily was born during the depression. Her mother had to work because she was a young single parent, as read in the story Emily?s father could ? no longer endure?. I believe that the mother cared for Emily she hated to leave her with her fathers relatives. Olsen wrote that the character did everything by the book she breast fed by the clock like they said. At that time ?they? were the male doctors who thought they knew all about motherhood. As a woman I would think Redmond2 that a woman would know what is best for both the mother and her child. By the end of the story the mother and daughter relationship grew a little closer Emily who lacked meaning found a talent . Emily also gained a sense a sense of responsibility by taking care of her siblings. Olsen uses the iron as a metaphor a number of times through out the story. In the first paragraph the mother says, ?and what you asked me moves back and forth with the iron?. I think that the mother is trying to sort out the good and the bad through out Emily?s life. She tells of what had to be done not what should have been done. The woman realizes that her daughter lacks meaning in life. The mother questions herself on the upbringing of her oldest daughter Emily compared to the other children. In the last sentence of the story it reads ?help make it so that there is cause for her to know that she she is more than this dress on the ironing board, helpless before the iron? What the mother is trying to say is Emily is like she is because that?s how she brought her up it could be un helped at the time the mother is also reassuring herself by thinking she could be worse don?t we all have our faults?

Cynthia Morris Essay

There is a quote that says: Mothers are angels who teach their children how to fly. Indeed my mother was an angel who in my younger years I thought was sent here to torture me especially when I wanted to hang out with my friends instead of doing chores or homework. My mother was the pillar of strength, love, and compassion. Mothers may be misunderstood but that doesn’t mean they don’t care or know better. My earliest memories of my mother, was her pretty face, beautiful smile, and small frame. To me she was the most beautiful woman on earth and nothing compared to her. Even though she was unlike the celebrity moms who wore designer clothes and ate in fancy restaurants, my mother was very real. My mother was a very small, petite woman who you did not want to cross. I loved the way she combed her hair. I loved the way she would play with my hair or rub my legs after a track meet even when I smelled like sweat. On the incidents that my siblings and I crossed my mother her big brown eyes would squint with disapproval. But I came to love that about her. When those brown eyes started to squint it meant you had done something wrong. Even though there were seven children my mother never played favorites. But rather, made appoint to be fair and equal with all of her children. Whenever I admitted to making a mistake, Mom would not hesitate to point it out to me, and punish me if needed. At times I detested it but over time I came to realize that Mom did that because she had my best interests at heart. She was never one to hold grudges for long. Like most mothers, my mother was very protective of me that often times I resented her for being so. I did not understand why she had to constantly ask about my whereabouts: Who I was with and where I was going. It never occurred to me that this was an essential part of being a mother. A mother cares and worries for her children. My mother taught me that getting reprimanded did not mean she loved me less. On the contrary, she showed me that when she scolded me, it meant she cared and worried about me. Mother certainly had her own flaws but I came to accept, in fact love every bit of them. When she called me non-stop, it was because she missed me or needed something or I had made her angry about something. Some may have called it nagging, I call it loving. For a person to wear her heart on her sleeves is a vulnerable thing, my mother was never vulnerable. In fact she was very strong. She never backed off in a fight especially if she knew she was right but she also knew how to compromise too. But compromising for her did not mean that you were wrong. Compromising was just another way of getting things done – later. When I started school, mom was my ally. To me, school was a world were ghosts and bad guys lurked. Instead of laughing at my fears, my mother showed me instead how great school was. My first day of school, she prepared my favorite snacks and walked me to school. Instead of leaving me at the gate, she walked me to the door, knelt down and told me: â€Å"Don’t worry, everything will be ok†. Although these words are pretty naà ¯ve, to a child on her first day of school, these words were more than enough for me. I went to school that day knowing that Mom was there for me and I learned to enjoy school. I made a few friends and introduced them to my mother who was more than happy to give us cookies and milk for snacks. Although my mother was a stay at home mom, she taught us how important an education was. Mother also taught us the value of relationships. This was evident in her relationship with my Dad. She was married to him for over 40 years before she passed and that for me was not just a manifestation of an enduring love for a person but of trust and fidelity as well. I am hoping that I can do the same in my relationship. Being married to the same person for over 40 years is not a mean feat. It takes a lot of patience and understanding to do this every day. Our generation today does not seem to realize the importance of maintaining a relationship. I, on the other hand, would want to be like my mother. I want to have a long lasting relationship with my partner just like my mother did with my father. I know my mother is not perfect. She had flaws too. But for me, those flaws were tiny imperfections that made her all the more lovable and perfect. Those flaws just made her humanity more evident. My mother was and now is an angel who taught me to fly and dream.